Abstract

I have decided to work the neolithic material from the village Bohuslavice near Kyjov, line "U Tvrze" (former district Hodonín). The neolithic development was situated on a mild slope (200 metres over the sea) by the river Kyjovka. It is famous from the year 1885, when archeologist Martin Kříž saved ceramic fragments, stone and bone tools here during the construction of railway road from Brno to Vlára pass. All discoveries, which I have worked, came from surface collections of Martin Hložek. He has discovered them during the years 1997 - 2001. The biggest part of material presents ceramic fragments (292 pieces), then chopped industry (45 pieces) and sharpenned industry (20 pieces), fragments of stones for crushing corn (12 pieces) and knocked stones (7 pieces). All these discoveries belong to the culture with linear ceramic from the older neolithic age, only 12 artefacts (4 pieces of ceramic fragments, 1 piece of chopped industry and 5 pieces of stone axes) belong to the culture with moravian painted pottery. These shapes are here: concaves, edges, straight bottoms, two handles (one horizontal undecorated and one vertical decorated with sculpture of human foot). Soft ceramic material prevail over rough ceramic material. Pottery from Bohuslavice near Kyjov has so high quality. Decorated ceramic fragments (238 pieces) are much more than undecorated ceramic fragments (43 pieces). There are various kind of protrusions common with nail prints, then plastic girdles (on two pieces of ceramic fragments), notes, broad grave lines or narrow grave lines (curvilinear or rectilinear ornaments). Degenerated style of decoration is typical for the phase IIb. You can see for exemple different notes - not only circle, but oval, trapezoid, lentil etc. too. There are a lot of ceramic fragments decorated with typical style of želiezovce group, when one cut joined two and more lines. This phase of cultural with linear pottery called the phase IIc. On the four pieces of ceramic fgragments you can see the decoration (cutted line or series of triangles) from the end (the third degree) of the culture with linear pottery. This decoration charakterized the šárec degree. Between the chopped industry there are blades, kernels and of course waste. Local raw material (moravian stone) has majority. Several artefacts are made from distant raw material from Polland or Hungary. Sharpened industry present stone wedges or axes made mostly from the green slate. Fragments of stones for crushing corn are made from local sandstone. …moreless