Number of words: 18 498 The theme of the graduation thesis is the analysis of the modifications in the sickness insurance system valid from 2009 and their effects; using a qualitative analysis. The thesis aims to introduce the modifications and evaluate the impacts on the quality of life including the evaluation of legitimacy of the implemented changes. The theoretical part of the thesis contains the definition of the concept of the quality of life, related concepts of social inclusion and legitimacy as well as the relationship between the social and economic policy. The main topic, sickness insurance, is introduced by the definition of basic conditions, principles and approaches to the solution. The Czech sickness insurance system including the latest modifications and their expected effects is explained afterwards. The following parts of the work are dedicated to the description of the used methodology, analysis and interpretation of the gathered data; including the subconclusions. The thesis is concluded by answering the main question of the research. The results indicate the discrepancy between the legitimacy of the political decision to implement the changes and the expectations of the citizens. The impact of the implemented modifications of the sickness insurance system on the quality of the peoples’ lives seems to be negative and people perceive the changes with fear.